Aquaporins in brain: distribution, physiology, and pathophysiology.

نویسندگان

  • Jérôme Badaut
  • François Lasbennes
  • Pierre J Magistretti
  • Luca Regli
چکیده

Water homeostasis in the brain is of central physiologic and clinical importance. Neuronal activity and ion water homeostasis are inextricably coupled. For example, the clearance of K+ from areas of high neuronal activity is associated with a concomitant water flux. Furthermore, cerebral edema, a final common pathway of numerous neurologic diseases, including stroke, may rapidly become life threatening because of the rigid encasement of the brain. A water channel family, the aquaporins, facilitates water flux through the plasma membrane of many cell types. In rodent brain, several recent studies have demonstrated the presence of different types of aquaporins. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was detected on epithelial cells in the choroid plexus whereas AQP4, AQP5 and AQP9 were localized on astrocytes and ependymal cells. In rodent brain, AQP4 is present on astrocytic end-feet in contact with brain vessels, and AQP9 is found on astrocytic processes and cell bodies. In basal physiologic conditions, AQP4 and AQP9 appear to be implicated in brain homeostasis and in central plasma osmolarity regulation. Aquaporin 4 may also play a role in pathophysiologic conditions, as shown by the reduced edema formation observed after water intoxication and focal cerebral ischemia in AQP4-knockout mice. Furthermore, pathophysiologic conditions may modulate AQP4 and AQP9 expression. For example, AQP4 and AQP9 were shown to be upregulated after ischemia or after traumatic injuries. Taken together, these recent reports suggest that water homeostasis in the brain is maintained by regulatory processes that, by control of aquaporin expression and distribution, induce and organize water movements. Facilitation of these movements may contribute to the development of edema formation after acute cerebral insults such as ischemia or traumatic injury.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

On the Role of Aquaporins in Myocardial Injury

The presence of aquaporins in the cardiovascular system has been well documented, however our knowledge about their role in myocardial pathophysiology is now being elucidated. A brief overview of the presence, function and regulation of aquaporins in myocardial injury is here presented. On the Role of Aquaporins in Myocardial Injury Marcelo Ozu* Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Department of Physio...

متن کامل

Physiology And PAthoPhysiology of AquAPorins

Received 2 July 2010, accepted 1 August 2010. Correspondence to: Dr Amaia Rodríguez, Metabolic Research Laboratory, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Tel.: +34 948 42 56 00 (ext. 6544), Fax: +34 948 42 56 52, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels that facilitate a rapid transport of water, across cell membranes. in some cases, these pore...

متن کامل

Key Roles of Renal Aquaporins in Water Balance and Water-Balance Disorders.

The discovery of aquaporins by Agre and co-workers provided an answer to the long-standing biophysical question of how water can pass cell membranes. The identification and characterization of several aquaporins expressed in the kidney has allowed detailed insight, at the molecular level, into the fundamental physiology and pathophysiology of renal water metabolism.

متن کامل

Aquaporins as targets for drug discovery.

The intracellular hydric balance is an essential process of mammalian cells. The water movement across cell membranes is driven by osmotic and hydrostatic forces and the speed of this process is dependent on the presence of specific aquaporin water channels. Since the molecular identification of the first water channel, AQP1, by Peter Agre's group, 13 homologous members have been found in mamma...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

دوره 22 4  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2002